Showing posts with label Billy Wilder. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Billy Wilder. Show all posts

Wednesday, June 3, 2009

Life Imitates Art on the Boulevard of Broken Dreams

By Steve Evans
Legendary music producer and convicted murderer Phil Spector was an 11-year-old boy when Paramount released Sunset Boulevard in 1950. I have no idea if Spector ever saw that seminal Billy Wilder picture about demented silent-film star Norma Desmond and her kept man, the much-younger, failed B-movie screenwriter Joe Gillis, who is shot to death by Norma (played by Gloria Swanson, right) when he rejects her and attempts to leave. But I am fairly certain Spector won’t be watching the picture any time soon following his April sentencing to 19 years to life for the murder of B-movie actress and cocktail waitress Lana Clarkson, who a jury agreed was shot to death by Spector on Feb. 3, 2003, two months shy of her 41st birthday. Like the fictional Joe Gillis, Lana Clarkson (left) lived and worked on the Hollywood fringe. She appeared as an extra in films like Fast Times at Ridgemont High and Scarface, moving on to B-movie exploitation trash like Barbarian Queen and Vice Girls. She hadn’t worked in pictures for two years before meeting Spector at the nightclub where she was serving drinks and, reportedly, agreed to go home with the aging record producer to his mansion, Pyrenees Castle, in Alhambra, California. Speculation was that Clarkson hoped to use Spector’s connections in the music business to jump-start her flagging career. Some wags wondered if she was there to turn a trick for some fast cash. Whatever her motivation for rolling up to Spector’s hilltop mansion, it was there, in the wee hours of Feb. 3, 2003, that Spector put a gun in her mouth and pulled the trigger after several hours of hard drinking. Two months before the night of the crime, Spector (below, right) in an interview with the British Daily Telegraph said he had bipolar disorder and that he considered himself “relatively insane.” His sharp legal team tried unsuccessfully to withhold that interview and other damning comments from the jury at Spector’s murder trial. But many saw Spector’s odd appearance and peculiar behavior throughout the case as clear evidence of serious mental problems. One of the prosecutors called Spector a “demonic maniac,” telling the jury the record producer’s history of violence against women was like a game of Russian roulette that ended with Clarkson’s shooting death. The jury in Spector’s first trial deadlocked in September 2007. During his retrial this year, the second jury visited the crime scene, mulled testimony from Spector’s ex-wives and returned a guilty verdict April 13 on second-degree murder. The conviction is on appeal.
***
I love cinema because great films often reveal life lessons that can expand our awareness of ourselves and enhance our appreciation for being alive. Like any work of art, a classic movie can nurture the soul, challenge our convictions, or offer a warning we would do well to heed. I watched Sunset Boulevard last night for what was probably the 25th time, and was struck by the parallels between delusional Norma Desmond, a faded silent-film star; and Spector, whose greatest success as a record producer was more than 40 years behind him by the time of his murder trial. 

Spector (in better days, at right) created aural masterpieces like the Ronettes’ Be My Baby (used to memorable effect a decade later in Martin Scorsese’s 1973 breakthrough film, Mean Streets) and The Beatles’ swansong album, Let it Be (which Paul McCartney is on record as hating). Even Spector’s fleeting flirtation with Hollywood ended four decades ago. He made an impression as the curiously mute cocaine buyer with the shiny Rolls Royce in the opening scene of Dennis Hopper’s Easy Rider (1969), perhaps an example of art imitating Spector’s life. Some 33 years later the cycle would reverse itself and Spector’s life would imitate art. The fall of Norma Desmond and Phil Spector from celebrity to reclusive eccentricity is perhaps less interesting than the plight of their respective victims, Joe Gillis and his real-life counterpart Lana Clarkson. Their thirst for fame in the notoriously fickle entertainment industry led them to make unwise and ultimately fatal choices. This observation gets to the heart of the American obsession with fame and wealth. We buy gossip magazines and log in to lurid websites to read about the Spector murder trial. A wealthy oddball kills an aspiring actress in the dead of night while swimming in alcohol and floating on a whole rainbow of pharmaceuticals. It’s a compulsively fascinating read that appeals to the prurient instincts that each of us harbors, to varying degrees, as we process our love-hate relationship with fabulous wealth and adulation. 
Millions of people watch Oprah on television, held in rapt fascination as some fallen actress or disgraced personality tearfully reveals transgressions, repents, and, often enough, is miraculously forgiven after basking in the glow of Oprah Winfrey’s carefully choreographed compassion. I like to think of it as salvation in 15-minute sound bites. It’s all nonsense, of course; a quick fix of feel-good gibberish that changes nothing except, perhaps, gullible people's perceptions. And that’s a frightening thing. Whether we like to admit it, most of us are powerfully drawn to dreams of a much better life, a life manifest in the things money can buy, in the praise and worship of fans who would follow our every move, clamor for our autograph, emulate our sense of fashion. Fables like the classic film Sunset Boulevard, and the real tragedies of ruined lives like Phil Spector and Lana Clarkson, are compelling moral tales that suggest the things we covet will ultimately consume and destroy us, while bypassing true happiness along the way. What is true happiness? Do we answer this question for ourselves, or do we buy the relentless sales pitch in spite of all the evidence that suggests fame – even the pursuit of fame – will kill ya if you don’t watch out? Still, we obsess and struggle and fight to reach some idealized notion of success hammered into our hearts by a culture that fuels itself with the marketing and promotion of consumption, beauty, fashion, and the pursuit of wealth to make all these pleasant things possible. We crave them because we are taught to do so by inexorable advertising and a thousand other pressures – both subtle and overt – that permeate society: like the allure of sex, the availability of easy credit, the coveting of all that we see and hear and smell and desire to taste for ourselves. This desire is as addictive as any drug. Yes, and even more intoxicating than the sweet champagne that Norma Desmond keeps on ice in the screening room of her mansion on that forlorn hill overlooking Sunset, the boulevard of broken dreams. 
Copyright © 2009 by Cinematic Cteve // dba Cinema Uprising. All rights reserved.

Thursday, April 2, 2009

Billy Wilder's Stalag 17

Stalag 17: Special Collector’s Edition
Paramount // 1953 // 120 Minutes // Not Rated

Reviewed by Steve Evans
Today we explore an acclaimed World War II drama of spies and sabotage, honor and bravery. Our setting is the German prison camp Stalag 17, unwelcome home to American POWs. Some want to escape, others merely want to survive, and a few have private agendas of their own.

Opening shot…
William Holden earned an Oscar at last for his performance in this classic dramatic-comedy of prisoners of war. Legend has it that Holden flung his Academy Award backstage after his victory speech, muttering that he should have won for Sunset Boulevard (the story may be apocryphal, but he was right). Still, Holden’s work in Stalag 17 remains a masterpiece of unwavering, smart-ass cynicism. This was back in the day when the Academy still dished out Oscars based on ferociously good acting, rather than politics or sentiment.

A bit of plot…
U.S. Air Force officers and enlisted men scheme to survive as prisoners of war in Stalag 17. Cynical Sgt. J.J. Sefton (William Holden, The Wild Bunch) bribes the German guards and trades cigarettes for fresh eggs and other luxuries. His philosophy is dog-eat-dog. While the other prisoners plot to escape, Sefton cuts deals and sells shots of homemade hooch in exchange for his fellow prisoners’ Red Cross packages.

Escape from Stalag 17 appears impossible. The first two U.S. officers who try to break free are machine-gunned to death seconds after crawling out of their tunnel. The German guards always seem to be one step ahead of their prisoners. When the barracks leaders realize there must be a spy in their midst, suspicion falls on Sefton, who’s always paying the Nazis in exchange for favorable treatment. The caustic Sefton ridicules accusations that he’s an informer, but his reputation for verbal abuse and shady dealing hasn’t made him any friends in the barracks.

Historical context and significance
Director Billy Wilder (Some Like it Hot, The Apartment) worked in every film genre. He also directed one of the first pictures formally recognized as film noir: Double Indemnity. A Jewish émigré who fled Nazi-occupied Austria, Wilder took on quite a challenge when he decided to co-write the screenplay for Stalag 17, adapted from a 1951 Broadway play. But Wilder had an unerring ear for bitterly cynical dialogue and he was a genius at blending pessimism with comedy. The result three years earlier had been the celebrated Sunset Boulevard — still the best movie ever made about Hollywood. So perhaps a dramatic comedy set in a POW camp wasn’t too much of a stretch for the ambitious director. The result earned Wilder his fourth Oscar nomination for Best Director.

Holden is the standout in a perfect cast that includes a young Peter Graves (Mission: Impossible) and Robert Strauss, reprising his Broadway role as “Animal” Stosch, the deranged POW with a Betty Grable obsession. Strauss received an Oscar nomination for his show-stealing performance.

What’s on the Disc, Steve?
I’ll tell ya. Some of the casting decisions raised eyebrows half a century ago, but today come off inspired. Wilder hired director Otto Preminger (Anatomy of a Murder) to co-star as the casually cruel camp Kommandant. Like Wilder, Preminger was a Jew who fled the Nazis as they rose to power. Unlike Wilder, Preminger was extremely uncomfortable with this material and especially his prominent role as a German officer (above left, at center). These concerns are detailed in the 25-minute feature on the making of the film, included as an extra feature. This is worthwhile viewing, as the short documentary makes it clear that Wilder’s persuasive personality brought out the best in his collaborators. We learn that Holden wasn’t interested in the project and even walked out after the first act of Stalag 17 during its Broadway run. At that point Wilder toyed with the idea of casting Charlton Heston in the lead, but contractual obligations and conflicting schedules blocked that plan. So the director went back to Holden and put on a full-court press.

Other disc extras include a making-of featurette, and a feature-length commentary from two of the surviving actors and co-playwright Donald Bevan, who shares his thoughts about the adaptation of Stalag 17 from stage to screen. More poignant is a short series of interviews with actual survivors of Stalag XVIIB, as it was called. In chilling detail they recount the monotony and misery of that existence. Hearing their stories, we’re left with the sobering realization that few tragedies in life could be greater than rotting away so many lost years inside a Stalag. A photo gallery of production stills rounds out the extra features.

The Contrarian View
If a German prison camp seems an inappropriate setting for a comedy, just remember that the long-running television show Hogan’s Heroes — which was inspired by this film — carried the concept practically into slapstick.

Coda
A Billy Wilder classic, Stalag 17 endures both as middle-brow comedy and bracingly cynical character study.

Copyright © 2009 by Steve Evans // dba Cinema Uprising. All rights reserved.